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Grammar

Active and Passive Voice of All Tenses

Active and Passive Voice of All Tenses
Active and Passive Voice of All Tenses

The structures for both active and passive voice of all tenses, affirmatives, interrogatives and negatives are provided for you. In addition, click Active and Passive Voice Complete Rules, you might find this useful too.

Active and Passive Voice of All Tenses

Simple present tense

Affirmatives

  • Active: S + Verb 1 (s/es) + object + ROTS
  • She teaches English at learn ESL.
  • Passive: S + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • English is taught by her at learn ESL.

Interrogatives

  • Active: Do/Does + S + V1 + object + ROTS
  • Does she teach English at learn ESL?
  • Passive: Be + S + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Is English taught by her at learn ESL?

Negatives

  • Active: S + do/does + not + V1 + object + ROTS
  • She does not/doesn`t teach English at learn ESL.
  • Passive: S + be + not + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • English is not/isn`t taught by her at learn ESL.

Negative interrogatives

  • Active: Don`t/Doesn`t + S + V1 + object + ROTS
  • Doesn`t she teach English at learn ESL?
  • Passive: Be not + S + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Isn`t English taught by her at learn ESL?

WH/Information questions

  • Active: WH + do/does + S + V1 + object + ROTS
  • Where does she teach English every day?
  • Passive: WH + be + S + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Where is English taught by her every day?

Also Read:

Present continuous/progressive

Affirmatives

  • Active: S + be + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • They are paving the road right now.
  • Passive: S + be + being + V3 + prep + ROTS
  • The road is being paved by them right now.

Interrogatives

  • Active: Be + S + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Are they paving the road right now?
  • Passive: Be + S + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Is the road being paved by them right now?

Negatives

  • Active: S + be + not + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • They are not paving the road right now?
  • Passive: S + be + not + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • The road is not/isn’t being paved by them right now.

Negative interrogatives

  • Active: Be not + S + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Aren`t they paving the road right now?
  • Passive: Be not + S + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Isn`t the road being paved by them right now?

WH/Information questions

  • Active: WH + be + S + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • When are they paving the road?
  • Passive: WH + be + S + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • When is the road being paved by them?

Also Read:

Present perfect tense

Affirmatives

  • Active: S + have/has + V3 + object + ROTS
  • He has written a poem.
  • Passive: S + have/has + been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • A poem has been written by him.

Interrogatives

  • Active: Have/Has + S + V3 + object + ROTS
  • Has he written a poem?
  • Passive: Have/Has + S + been + V3 + prep + object
  • Has a poem been written by him?

Negatives

  • Active: S + have/has + not + V3 + object + ROTS
  • He has not/ hasn`t written a poem.
  • Passive: S + have/has + not + been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • A poem has not/hasn`t been written by him.

Negative interrogatives

  • Active: Have/Has not + S + V3 + object + ROTS
  • Hasn`t he written a poem?
  • Passive: Have/Has not + S + been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Hasn`t a poem been written by him?

WH/Information questions

  • Active: WH + have/has + S + V3 + object + ROTS
  • Why have they killed him?
  • Passive: WH + have/has + S + been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Why has he been killed by them?

Note: keep in mind that it is not common in written English to change the active sentences from present perfect progressive, past perfect progressive, and future perfect progressive tenses into passive sentences in written English, but they could be rarely changed in spoken English. In order to help you, know their use in spoken English, we have provided the structures for all the above mentioned tenses.

Also Read:

Present perfect continuous/progressive tense

Affirmatives

  • Active: S + have/has + been + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Rahimi has been teaching the advanced classes for more than six years.
  • Passive: S + have/has + been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • The advanced classes have been being taught by Rahimi for more than six years.

Interrogatives

  • Active: Have/Has + S + been + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Has Rahimi been teaching the advanced classes for more than six years?
  • Passive: Have/Has + S + been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Have the advanced classes been being taught by Rahimi for more than six years?

Negatives

  • Active: S + have/has + not + been + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Rahimi has not/hasn’t been teaching the basic classes for more than six years.
  • Passive: S + have/has + not + been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • The basic classes haven’t been being taught by Rahimi for more than six years.

Negative interrogatives

  • Active: Have/Has not + S + been + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Hasn`t Rahimi been teaching the basic classes for more than six years?
  • Passive: Have/Has not + S + been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Haven`t the basic classes been being taught by Rahimi for more than six years?

WH/Information questions

  • Active: WH + have/has + S + been + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Where has she been teaching English recently?
  • Passive: WH + have/has + S + been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Where has English been being taught by her recently?

Also Read:

Simple past/past indefinite tense

Affirmatives

  • Active: S + V2 + object + ROTS
  • Ali sang a beautiful song last year.
  • Passive: S + was/were + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • A beautiful song was sung by Ali  last year.

Interrogatives

  • Active: Did + S + V1 + object + ROTS
  • Did you buy a grammar book last week?
  • Passive: Was/Were + S + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Was a grammar book bought by you last week?

Negatives

  • Active: S + did + not + V1 + object + ROTS
  • They did not/didn’t invite us to the party.
  • Passive: S + was/were + not + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • We were not invited by them to the party.

Negative interrogatives

  • Active: Did not + S + V1 + object + ROTS
  • Didn`t they invite you to the party?
  • Passive: Was/Were not + S + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Weren`t you invited by them to the party?

WH/Information questions

  • Active: WH + did + S + V1 + object + ROTS
  • When did you watch that movie?
  • Passive: WH + was/were + subject + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • When was that movie watched by you?

Also Read:

Past continuous/progressive tense

Affirmatives

  • Active: S + be2 + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • He was painting the wall yesterday.
  • Passive: S + be2 + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • The wall was being painted by him yesterday.

Interrogatives

  • Active: Be2 + S + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Were they painting the wall yesterday?
  • Passive: Be + S + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Was the wall being painted by them yesterday?

Negatives

  • Active: S + be2 + not + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • We were not painting the wall yesterday.
  • Passive: S + be2 + not + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • The wall was not/wasn`t being painted by us yesterday. 

Negative interrogatives

  • Active: Be not + S + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Weren`t they painting the wall yesterday?
  • Passive: Be not + S + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Wasn`t the wall being painted by them yesterday?

WH/Information questions

  • Active: WH + be2 + S + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • When were they painting the wall?
  • Passive: WH + be2 + S + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • When was the wall being painted by them?

Also Read:

Past perfect tense

Affirmatives

  • Active: S + had + V3 + object + ROTS
  • They had played cricket before the rain stated.
  • Passive: S + had + been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Cricket had been played by them before the rain started.

Interrogatives

  • Active: Had + S + V3 + object + ROTS
  • Had they played cricket before the rain started?
  • Passive: Had + S + been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Had cricket been played by them before the rain started?

Negatives

  • Active: S + had + not + V3 + object + ROTS
  • They had not/hadn`t played cricket before the rain started.
  • Passive: S + had + not + been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Cricket had not/hadn`t been played by them before the rain started.

Negative interrogatives

  • Active: Had not + S + V3 + object + ROTS
  • Hadn`t they played cricket before the rain started?
  • Passive: Had not + S + been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Hadn`t cricket been played by them before the rain started?

WH/Information Questions

  • Active: WH + had + S + V3 + object + ROTS
  • Where had they played cricket before the rain started?
  • Passive: WH + had + S + been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Where had cricket been played by them before the rain started? 

Also Read:

Past perfect continuous/progressive tense

Affirmatives

  • Active: S + had + been + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Jalali had been teaching English for ten years before he established a new system called A lingua.
  • Passive: S + had + been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • English had been being taught by Jalali for ten years before he established a new system called
    A lingua.

Interrogatives

  • Active: Had + S + been + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Had she been watching the movie for two hours when her husband got home?
  • Passive: Had + S + been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Had the movie been being watched by her for two hours when her husband got home?

Negatives

  • Active: S + had + not + been + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • She had not/hadn`t been watching the movie for two hours when her husband got home.
  • Passive: S + had + not + been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • The movie had not/hadn`t been being watched by her for two hours when her husband got home. 

Negative interrogatives

  • Active: Had not + S + been + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Hadn`t she been watching the movie for two hours when her husband got home?
  • Passive: Had not + been + S + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Hadn`t been the movie being watched by her for two hours when her husband got home?

WH/Information questions

  • Active: WH + had + S + been + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Where had he been chopping the wood when the rain started?
  • Passive: WH + S + had + been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Where the wood had been being chopped by him when the rain started. 

Also Read:

Simple future tense

Affirmatives With “will”

  • Active: S + will + V1 + object + ROTS
  • He will build a new house next year.
  • Passive: S + will + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • A new house will be built by him next year.

With “be going to”

  • Active: S + be + going to + V1 + object + ROTS
  • He is going to build a new house next year.
  • Passive: S + be + going to + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • A new house is going to be built by him next year.

Negatives With “will”

  • Active: S + will + not + V1 + object + ROTS
  • He will not/won`t build a new house before 2017.
  • Passive: S + will + not + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • A new house will not/won`t be built by him next year.

With “be going to”

  • Active: S + be + not + going to + V1 + object + ROTS
  • He is not going to build a new house before 2017.
  • Passive: S + be + not + going to + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • A new house is not going to be built by him before 2017.

Interrogatives With “Will”

  • Active: Will + S + V1 + Object + ROTS
  • Will he build a new house next year?
  • Passive: Will + S + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Will a new house be built by him next year?

With “be going to”

  • Active: Be + S + going to + V1 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Is he going to build a new house next year?
  • Passive: Be + S + going to + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Is a new house going to be built by him next year?

Negative interrogatives With “will”

  • Active: Will not + S + V1 + object + ROTS
  • Won`t he build a new house next year?
  • Passive: Will not + S + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Won`t a new house be built by him next year?

With “be going to”

  • Active: Be not + S + going to + V1 + object + ROTS
  • Isn`t he going to build a new house next year?
  • Passive: Be not + S + going to + be + V3 + prep + object ROTS
  • Isn`t a new house going to be built by him next year?

WH/Information questions With “will”

  • Active: WH + will + S + V1 + object + ROTS
  • Where will he build a new house next year?
  • Passive: WH + will + S + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Where will a new house be built by him next year?

With “be going to”

  • Active: WH + be + S + going to + be + V3 + prep + object +
  • Where is he going to build a new house next year?
  • Passive: WH + be + S + going to + be + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Where is a new house going to be built by him next year?

Also Read:

Future continuous/progressive tense

Affirmatives With “will”

  • Active: S + will be + V1 ing +object + ROTS
  • I will be reciting the Holy Quran after praying tomorrow morning.
  • Passive: S + will be + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • The Holy Quran will be being recited by me after praying tomorrow morning.

With “going to”

  • Active: S + be + going to + be + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • We are going to be watching a movie tonight.
  • Passive: S + be + going to + be + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
    A movie is going to be being watched by us tonight.

Negatives With “will”

  • Active: S + will not + be + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • We will not/won`t be learning the transition words in level 3.
  • Passive: S + will not + be + being + V3 + prep + object + RTOS
  • The transition words will not/won`t be being learnt by us in level 3.

With “be going to”

  • Active: S + be + not + going to + be + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • We are not going to be learning the transition words in level 3.
  • Passive: S + be + not + going to + be + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • The transition words are not going to be being learnt by us in level 3.

Negatives With “will”

  • Active: Will + S + be + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Will they be inviting us to the party tonight?
  • Passive: Will + S + be + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Will we be being invited by them to the party tonight?

With “going to”

  • Active: Be + S + going to + be + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Are they going to be inviting us to the party tonight?
  • Passive: Be + S + going to + be + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Are we going to be being invited by them to the party tonight?

Negative interrogatives With “will”

  • Active: Will not + S + be + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Won`t they be inviting us to the party tonight?
  • Passive: Will not + S + be + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Won`t we be being invited by them to the party tonight?

With “be going to”

  • Active: Be not + S + be + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • Aren`t they going to/goanna be inviting us to the party tonight?
  • Passive: Be not + S + going to + be + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Aren`t we going to/goanna be being invited by them to the party tonight?

WH/Information questions With “will”

  • Active: WH + will + S + be + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • When will they be inviting us to the party?
  • Passive: WH + will + S + be + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • When will we be being invited by them to the party?

With “be going to”

  • Active: WH + be + S + going to + be + V1 ing + object + ROTS
  • When are they going to be inviting us to the party?
  • Passive: WH + be + S + going to + be + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • When are we going to/goanna be being invited by them to the party

Also Read:

Future perfect tense

Note: The use of “be going to) is not common in future perfect and future perfect progressive tense passive sentences.

Affirmatives

  • Active: S + will have + V3 + object + ROTS
  • I will have done my homework by the time my favorite movie starts on TV.
  • Passive: S + will have + been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • My homework will have been done by me by the time my favorite movie starts on TV.

Interrogatives

  • Active: Will + S + have + V3 + object + ROTS
  • Will I have done my homework by the time my favorite movie starts on TV?
  • Passive: Will + S + have been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Will my homework have been done by me by the time my favorite movie starts on TV?

Negatives

  • Active: S + will not have + V3 + object + ROTS
  • I will not/won`t have done my homework by the time my favorite movie starts on TV.
  • Passive: S + will not + have been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • My homework will not/won`t have been done by me by the time my favorite movie starts on TV?

Negative interrogatives

  • Active: Will not + S + have + V3 + object + ROTS
  • Won`t you have done your homework by the time your favorite movie starts on TV?
  • Passive: Will not + S + have been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Won`t your homework have been done by you by the time your favorite movie starts on TV?

WH/Information questions

  • Active: WH + will + S + have + V3 + object + ROTS
  • Where will you have built a new house by the time your business improves?
  • Passive: WH + will + S + have been + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Where will a new house have been built by you by the time your business improves?

Also Read:

Future perfect continuous/progressive tense

Affirmatives

  • Active: S + will have + been + V1ing + object + ROTS
  • We will have been teaching English for two years at learn ESL.
  • Passive: S + will have been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • English will have been being taught by us for two years at learn ESL.

Interrogatives

  • Active: Will + S + have been + V1ing + object + ROTS
  • Will we have been teaching English for two years at learn ESL?
  • Passive: Will + S + have been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Will English have been being taught by us for two years at learn ESL?

Negatives

  • Active: S + will not have + been + V1ing + object + ROTS
  • We will not/won`t have been teaching English for more than two years at learn ESL.
  • Passive: S + will not have + been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • English will not/won`t have been being taught by us for more than two years at learn ESL.

Negative interrogatives

  • Active: Will not + S + have been + V1ing + object + ROTS
  • Won`t we have been teaching English for two years at learn ESL?
  • Passive: Will not + S + have been + being + V3 + prep + object + ROTS
  • Won`t English have been being taught by us for two years at learn ESL?

Was the lesson helpful? Please feel free to leave your feedback about the lesson in the comment box below. 

Also Read:

Attempt Active and Passive Voice Exercise

Conclusion:

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35 comments

Sadam hussain January 15, 2017 at 5:24 pm

It’s great thanks to coordinator for analysing such as most important chapter in an analytical view. I can’t show my pleasure in a simple words for this lesson. Thank u sir. Am eagerly waiting to be noted several chapters like this respectively by You.

Reply
Jalali January 17, 2017 at 4:18 pm

Thank you Mr. Hussain, We do our best to provide useful articles to help people learn ESL.

Reply
mohamed ashkar May 5, 2017 at 8:38 am

Mohamed ashkar
really very nice lessons besides very useful for those who wants to learn deeply.
best wishes for you and your valuable efforts

Reply
Jalali May 5, 2017 at 3:49 pm

Thank you dear, hope it was helpful for you.

Reply
Nur May 10, 2017 at 8:51 am

I’m really thankful to find this article, I find this one useful. May I ask what does ROTS means?

Reply
Jalali May 10, 2017 at 9:28 am

Hope the article was useful, and “Rot” to decay or make something decay as a verb. And as a noun, it means the process of the state of decaying and falling apart.

Reply
aqbal May 24, 2017 at 1:30 pm

I’m thankful from you ,
it is a very comprehensive information, so please go ahead, reader will be with you.

Reply
Jalali May 24, 2017 at 7:48 pm

You are welcome dear Aqbal.

Reply
Nimesh Patel September 14, 2017 at 8:05 am

what is “ROTS” means

Reply
Vijay Pratap December 16, 2017 at 10:12 am

Can you please tell the full form of ROTS used here?
It’s the only confusing thing, otherwise the article is great. You’ve explained it in a very effective manner.

Reply
BISMO December 16, 2017 at 12:58 pm

ROTS (Rest of the sentence)

Reply
Ash's khan February 24, 2018 at 9:41 pm

It’s good structure for learner passive voice. Therefore u r appreciated..

Reply
Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal February 25, 2018 at 10:51 am

May Allah fulfill your dream♥

Reply
BISMO February 25, 2018 at 1:29 pm

Thank you so much Abu Hena

Reply
Dron N April 16, 2018 at 6:44 pm

Is this the right sentence?
“Why mistakes are not fixed in time?”

My teacher said it is correct but it seems to me that it should be
“Why aren’t mistakes fixed in time?”

Reply
mahendrabhai June 6, 2018 at 2:31 pm

This is very good. Because it is very helpful me in my school f.a.

Reply
BISMO June 6, 2018 at 2:39 pm

Thank You.

Reply
Azshaque Rizvi June 7, 2018 at 2:45 pm

The content is quite good, but what does be2 refer tot

Reply
BISMO June 7, 2018 at 2:48 pm

Thank you.
Be (To be verbs)

Reply
RISHABH VAISHNAV June 28, 2018 at 6:18 pm

world’s best site

Reply
Binesh kn October 13, 2018 at 11:20 pm

Could you pleas tell me what is “prep”?

Reply
BISMO October 13, 2018 at 11:24 pm

Prep mean preposition.

Reply
Atul More October 14, 2018 at 3:44 pm

Very Very excellent sir thanks…..?

Reply
Abdullah November 6, 2018 at 4:00 pm

Thanks

Reply
BISMO November 6, 2018 at 7:05 pm

You are Welcome, Abdullah.

Reply
heyran December 24, 2018 at 12:49 pm

may i use this information for my students?

Reply
BISMO December 24, 2018 at 12:52 pm

Hi Heyran,
Yes obviously, learn ESL is a source for all to learn English as a Second Language.

Reply
Shaik Anwar April 19, 2020 at 3:10 am

Sir,
I have gone trough the example which you have explained, but i couldn’t understand that Future continoue and present ,Past,future perfect continues tenses does’t have Passive voice ,

Please Clarify my doubt .

SHAIK

Reply
Jewel February 15, 2021 at 4:42 am

Thank you so much.

Reply
Admin Learn ESL February 16, 2021 at 10:16 pm

You are welcome, hope it is helpful.

Reply
Raheel Hussain April 24, 2021 at 11:55 am

Excellent work!

Reply
riya yadav January 29, 2022 at 1:31 am

I’m really thankful to find this article, I find this one useful.

Reply
varsha yadav June 16, 2022 at 7:15 am

thank you this is so helpfull

Reply
varsha yadav June 16, 2022 at 7:23 am

thank you this is so help full for me

Reply
varsha yadav June 16, 2022 at 7:26 am

thank you this the one of the best for me and this so useful also.

Reply

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